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The patents of acupuncture and moxibustion in China and abroad was analyzed, aiming to provide support for the innovative development of acupuncture industry. With the China Think Tank of Patent of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the PatSnap database as data sources, based on the mathematical statistics method, the application trend, legal status, patent types, transformation and distribution of major technical fields of acupuncture patents in China and abroad were analyzed. As a result, a total of 53,422 acupuncture patents were screened, involving 49 countries and 4 organizations. The patent types were mainly utility model patents. Although the application number of acupuncture patent had increased rapidly, the average patent conversion rate was generally low, approximately 4%. In the context of global economic integration, the acupuncture industry is developing at a high speed. It is suggested to take advantage of the "Belt and Road Initiative" to improve the international acceptance of acupuncture and moxibustion, adhere to the principle of attaching equal importance to the number and quality of patents, promote the in-depth cooperation of industry-university-research, and promote high-quality development of acupuncture and moxibustion.
Subject(s)
Humans , Moxibustion , Acupuncture Therapy , China , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Databases, FactualABSTRACT
Under the background of internationalization of medical education in China, the general medical education for foreign students started relatively late. At present, there are still some problems in it, such as imperfect curriculum system, lack of unified and standardized textbooks, inadequate language skills of community teachers, difficulties in carrying out practical courses, and cultural differences. Based on the current situation of general practice education for international students in China, this article proposes the following solutions: to insist on standardizing quality management and construct scientific training schemes; to understand the present situation of primary medical and health services in their country of origin, promote cultural integration, and actively explore the fit between training and demand; to write bilingual textbooks suitable for practical needs; to overcome language barriers and build a team of community teachers that speak English; to adopt flexible and diversified teaching modes and comprehensively improve the quality of general practice teaching for international students, so as to promote the communication and dissemination of basic medical and health concepts in China.
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Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has become an important part of the health system in the Sultanate of Oman. Although there is no independent law, the local health department has implemented the administrative measures such as the admittance assessment system of TCM doctors and the standardized examination and approval of TCM clinics. The development of TCM in the Sultanate of Oman is supported by the policies of the two governments, with the characteristics likemedical cooperation starting with high-level personnel, the cooperation in economy, trade and medical treatment, TCM and local traditional medicine showing inclusive with good base, and the advantages of TCM theory and treatment meeting the needs of the local medical market. The prospect of cooperation in TCM market is broad. It is suggested that the local government should promote the legislation of traditional medicine and improve the admittance system of practitioners. China needs to promote the formulation of international standards of TCM and optimize the cooperation platform of TCM by using Internet and other technologies. The practitioners in China need to carry out medical activities on the premise of understanding and respecting the local cultural background.In order to promote the development of TCM in Arab countries, the Sultanate of Oman will radiate the whole Middle East through the above strategies.
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With the continuous promotion of "Belt and Road Initiative" strategy, it has brought unprecedented opportunities for the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) industry in China. Although TCM culture has a long history and TCM industry is huge, the data analysis with the ASEAN countries from 2009 to 2018 shows that there is still much room for development in the aspects of technological progress efficiency, scale efficiency, and technological innovation efficiency of TCM industry in China. The internationalization of TCM industry in the process of "Belt and Road Initiative" strategy from three aspects: setting up "Belt and Road Initiative"TCM technology industry fund, building authentic medicine cluster brand, and promoting the breakthrough of TCM biotechnology by equipment innovation are put forwardin this paper.
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Following the concerted efforts for nearly 70 years, great successes have been achieved in the national schistosomiasis control programme in China. Currently, the national schistosomiasis control programme in China is facing the challenges to solve the problems during the“final mile”stage towards schistosomiasis elimination, and contribute Chinese experiences, Chinese strategy and Chinese wisdom to the global schistosomiasis control programmes, so as to facilitate the transformation of the joint efforts in the Belt and Road Initiative to a high-quality development, thereby well supporting the activities on global health security. This paper analyzes the current global status of schistosomiasis and the challenges of the global schistosomiasis control programmes, describes the basis for the cooperation on schistosomiasis control among the countries along the Belt and Road Initiative, illustrates the challenges for translation of Chinese experiences and techniques in schistosomiasis control to other diseaseendemic countries, and proposes the patterns and prospects of the South-South cooperation on schistosomiasis control under the Belt and Road Initiative.
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“The Belt and Road” initiative has put forward new requirements for the development of international trade in Chinese medicine resources. In the new era, the development of traditional Chinese medicine resources needs to build a new pattern of all-round opening up. Based on the theory of national competitive advantage in international trade and the theory of regional spatial economy, this paper provides a theoretical basis for upgrading the natural import pattern of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs to the new mode of resource economy in the international layout of Chinese medicine resources. The market development of medicinal materials resources also promotes the transformation and upgrades of the domestic traditional Chinese medicine resources industry. Therefore, it is proposed that the international trade of Chinese medicine resources in the new era is an upgraded version of “import trade”. It is a measure for the cultivation and development of the international market of Chinese herbal resources and economy. It is also a strategy to promote domestic scientific and efficient utilization, and provide a theoretical and method basis for formulating the policy of international distribution and optimization of the utilization of new Chinese medicine resources.
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Objective: To observe the clinical effect of Zheng's Jin Gou Diao Yu (gold-hook-fishing) acupuncture method versus ordinary acupuncture on superficial fascia for treating neck type cervical spondylopathy in Kyrgyz. Methods:A total of 64 Kyrgyz patients conforming to the diagnostic criteria of neck type cervical spondylopathy were included. The patients were randomized into a Zheng's Jin Gou Diao Yu (gold-hook-fishing) acupuncture group and a conventional acupuncture group, with 32 cases in each group. Patients in the Zheng's Jin Gou Diao Yu (gold-hook-fishing) acupuncture group were treated with Zheng's Jin Gou Diao Yu (gold-hook-fishing) acupuncture method to stimulate the superficial fascia, the stimulation sites were primarily located at bilateral sides of the cervical vertebra as well as the trigger points in shoulder-neck region; patients in the conventional acupuncture group were punctured at the same acupoints, with twirling reducing method, and the depth of insertion was determined by the treated region. Patients in both groups received treatment every day for a succession of 5 d as a course, with a 2-day interval between 2 courses, and the whole treatment lasted for 3 courses. After 3 courses of treatment, the McGill pain questionnaire (MPQ) and neck disability index (NDI) were measured to compare the clinical effect between the two groups. Results: After treatment, scores of MPQ and NDI scale dropped when compared with those before treatment, and the differences showed statistical significance (allP<0.05); scores of MPQ and NDI in the Jin Gou Diao Yu (gold-hook-fishing) acupuncture group were substantially lower than those in the conventional acupuncture group, and the differences showed statistical significance (allP<0.05). The total effective rate was 96.9％ in the Jin Gou Diao Yu (gold-hook-fishing) acupuncture group and the cured rate was 78.1％, which were higher than 81.3％ and 40.6％ in the conventional acupuncture group, and the differences showed statistical significance (bothP<0.05). Conclusion: Zheng's Jin Gou Diao Yu (gold-hook-fishing) acupuncture method by stimulating superficial fascia to treat cervical spondylopathy in Kyrgyz can produce a better clinical effect than conventional acupuncture treatment, and is effective in improving pain and stiffness in patients, and thus is worth clinical popularization.
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The Silk Road and the Maritime Silk Road were the important accesses for the exchanges of herbal medicine between the primary traditional medical systems in the ancient world,which also are the strategic links between the areas with herbal medicine widely used and the most active markets for herbs at present. This article focuses on the foreign medicinal resources introduced to traditional Chinese medicine( TCM) in China. As new resources of Chinese Materia Medica( CMM),the four basic conditions should be required,which are the clear origin,the safety and effectiveness in clinical,the efficacy and properties described with theory of TCM.Medicinal property is the key scientific problem of foreign medicinal resources introduced to TCM. The research strategies include three aspects. Medicinal properties of foreign medicinal resources will be deduced and analyzed across multiple medical systems by solving the difference depending on finding the similarities of traditional medical systems. The medicinal properties-efficacies of foreign medicinal resources will be identified by identifying Xiang and selecting similar CMM. And Xiang-properties-efficacies of foreign medicinal resources will be researched under formulae environment using medicinal properties.
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China , Herbal Medicine , Materia Medica , Medicine, Chinese TraditionalABSTRACT
Down the centuries, the pharmaceutical interactions among countries along the "Belt and Road" project have been frequent with abundant contents and took diverse forms, of which medical classics have been an important bridge and a core carrier for cultural exchanges of TCM. This article tries to explore practical significance of the spread of TCM from the "Belt and Road Initiative" background by presenting achievements and shortcomings in current researches on TCM classics.
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Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been the focus and highlight of the ancient Silk Road trade activities since ancient times. Since the Belt and Road Initiative was proposed for the first time in China in 2013, the internationalized development of TCM has made positive progress. Based on the theory of international mobility of production factors, this paper qualitatively analyzes the "five mechanisms" of international cooperation between China and the countries along the routes in the background of the Belt and Road Initiative: The intergovernmental exchange and cooperation mechanism; cooperation mechanism of TCM inheritance and innovation; TCM service trade cooperation mechanism; TCM resources sharing cooperation mechanism; cooperation mechanism of TCM culture and humanities exchanges. A qualitative and quantitative analysis combined with partial equilibrium analysis were used to analyze the welfare effects before and after the production factors of TCM transnational movement, and make a further investigation on the difficulties and challenges faced by the current international cooperation of TCM in China, and put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.
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With high-tech, high added-value, and independent intellectual property rights, Chinese patent medicine (CPM) is one of the most important exporting categories in Chinese materia medica (CMM), and its overseas development has become an important symbol of international recognition for CMM. With the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative and the acceleration of bilateral economic integration, CMM trade between China and Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is facing with great potential and opportunities. ASEAN market is bound to be a vital breakthrough in the globalization of CPM and has strategic significance for its transnational operation. Since ten member countries of ASEAN have obvious differences in their economic development, market size, and medical and health levels, this paper aims to establish evaluation index system, further subdivide the ASEAN market by means of principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering method, and put forward different marketing strategies for each segmented markets including developed market, emerging market, potential market, and secondary market, hoping to provide useful advice and reference for the globalization of CPM in ASEAN or even in European and American main market.
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To forecast the export trend of Chinese materia medica (CMM) in China in the next few years by using the export data of CMM from 1994 to 2016, and analyze the current situation of CMM export. Based on time series ARIMA model, the optimal model was established by sequence leveling test, model identification, verification, and prediction. The ARIMA (3, 2, 3) model is the optimal model to forecast the export trend of CMM. We use this model to conclude that the forecast of CMM exports in China from 2017 to 2020 is 3.687, 4.363, 4.850, and 4.965 billions, respectively. Finally, we put forward the problem of the share of CMM export supply and its structural problems. The supply of CMM in China does not have a correct understanding of the demand in the international market. China’s exports of CMM should seize the opportunity of the “Comprehensive Health” environment and the “Belt and Road” Initiative.
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It tries to present various perspectives on the value that Qigong brings to the Western world,responding to medical,creative and spiritual needs,and proposes a cultural approach to its dissemination that can encompass all its facets.In the current growth of China's soft power and the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative,there is a clear opportunity for the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Qigong abroad that shall bear fruit in the near future,gradually shifting the role of China in the world stage:from a manufactured products supplier to a major influence in culture,lifestyle and thought.
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China was once a country with the heaviest burden of parasitic diseases.Under the leadership of the Communist Party and national authority,after more than 60 years'efforts of prevention and control,the remarkable results have been achieved in China.However,affected by the social and economic development and environmental changes,the prevention and control of parasitic diseases,especially imported parasitic diseases,are facing new challenges,and the parasitic diseases,such as malaria,schistosomiasis,leishmaniasis,filariasis and trypanosomiasis,appear increasingly. With the development of the Belt and Road Initiative,the transmission risks of these diseases are more increased.The purpose of this paper is to describe the experience and results of parasitic disease prevention and control in China,understand the present parasitic disease epidemic situation of the Belt and Road Initiative related countries,analyze the transmission risks of important parasitic diseases,and present some relevant suggestions,so as to provide the evidence for the health administrative department formulating the preven-tion and control strategies of such parasitic diseases timely and effectively.
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Mosquito is a vector of many infectious diseases,and it is recognized a leading killer of human in the world.After the Belt and Road Initiative launches,more are countries involved and the international communication and cooperation are sig-nificantly growing in China.Therefore,the risk of imported infectious diseases is increasing as well,some mosquito-borne dis-eases which have been well controlled or seldom seen in China,will be more risky to cause locally transmission from imported cases and become the threat to people's health in China.This paper reviews the risk of major imported mosquito borne-diseases to China,and discusses the control strategy as well,so as to provide the suggestion for entry-exit inspection and control of im-ported mosquito-borne diseases in China.
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Arab countries have long tradition of using traditional medicine which enjoys mass foundation among local people. Recently, China's import and export trade of traditional medicine products with Arab countries showed an increasing trend year by year. With the implementation of the Belt and Road Strategy, Arab countries played a more important role in China's foreign trade. With the aim of promoting the spread of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in Arab countries, cooperation with relevant countries shall be differentiated. The Gulf region is economically advanced with its people enjoying prosperity, where is suitable for developing TCM product and service trade. The Levant has strong advantages in traditional medicine research, where academic communication shall be frequented. Countries in north Africa enjoy profound traditional friendship with China, where are suitable for dispatching Chinese foreign aid medical team to promote TCM. Meanwhile, we are supposed to take advantage of Confucius Institute and Chinese culture centers as platforms to spread TCM culture, to strengthen cooperation with medical universities and research institutions in the target countries, to enroll more Arab students to study TCM, to develop international standard Chinese-Arabic basic nomenclature of Chinese Medicine, and to carry out Traditional Arabic & Islamic Medicine researches.
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As an important new Chinese medicine international culture promotion platform,Overseas Chinese Medicine Center (OCMC) should seize the opportunity of the "Belt and Road" Initiatives to be the main force and national team of transmitting Chinese medicine overseas.Through the research and practice of OCMC expanding Chinese medicine territory,the author adopted "Chinese medicine + " mind in four directions (i.e.,breaking a passage by characteristic traditional Chinese medicine treatment,developing characteristic Chinese medicine education,enhancing Chinese medicine talent localization,seeking high-level international cooperation of scientific research,and etc.) to impel OCMC spreading Chinese medicine culture to the world.
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With the accelerated pace of the world population aging,it has provided great opportunities for the rapid development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with natural medicine as its main component.However,the lack of legal status of TCM has long been a great influence on Chinese medicine.There is a big difference in the degree of recognition of TCM among people along the way.If people are still able to accept herbal medicine,they are very exclusive of zoic medication.Although zoic medication is an important part of TCM,zoic medication and animal rights appeal have a sharp contradiction.The question is how to solve the dilemma between the protection and utilization of zoic medication,utility and lofty.This article analyzed the understanding difference and consensus of zoic medication from the ethics perspective under both Chinese and western culture.It clarified the understanding and practice of zoic medication in TCM.It also illustrated the rational protection and sustainable using of zoic medication in TCM.
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Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) health preservation shows unique advantages in the international communication and overseas development.It is characterized by its cultural complexity and medical science,along with the policy support from the "Belt and Road Initiative" of TCM,as well as the increasing attention both at home and abroad.However,many problems and obstacles which cannot be ignored still hinder the enrichment and development of TCM health preservation in the world.This paper focused on analyzing these problems and obstacles,and indicated that the basic principle of international communication of TCM health preservation is to build a relatively steady long-term purpose and several segmented adjusting periodic orientations.At the same time,according to the characteristics of different regions along the line,changing the modes and contents of propagation is also needed.
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Based on the empirical study in Britain,this paper revealed several problems in the cross-cultural communication of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM):the obstacles are still immense,the system is not complete,the tools are simple,the communication capacity is limited,and the "de-Sinofication" is obvious.The proposals are made as that,applying the concepts of communication and multi-disciplines,accomplishing the system to run as a huge systematic project,creating more means and increasing the capability of communication,conducting the cross-cultural communication training,cultivating talented people,developing domestic TCM to support the abroad TCM,operating as government-leaded projects to enhance national cultural soft power,contesting for supremacy and intellectual property rights in the worldwide TCM areas.